respiratory

Mullein

Verbascum thapsus

毛蕊花

Pinyin: Máo Ruǐ Huā

🌿

Plant Family

Scrophulariaceae

Part Used

Flower, leaf

Origin

Europe, Asia; naturalized in North America

Safety Level

Safe

Overview

Mullein is a tall, fuzzy-leaved plant with a long history of use for respiratory conditions. The soft, velvety leaves have been made into teas, extracts, and smoked herbs to soothe coughs and congestion. Mullein is known as a gentle but effective lung tonic and demulcent.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Properties

Nature (四气)

cool

Flavors (五味)

bitter, sweet

Meridians (归经)

lung, kidney

Health Benefits

Soothes irritated respiratory passages (demulcent)
May help reduce cough severity
Anti-inflammatory for bronchial and throat irritation
Mild expectorant (helps clear mucus)
Antiviral properties (some research against influenza, herpes)
Antibacterial effects
Ear pain and middle ear infections (oil form)
Skin healing and wound care (topical)

Traditional Uses

  • Coughs, bronchitis, and asthma
  • Sore throat and hoarseness
  • Ear infections (ear oil)
  • Wounds and skin conditions (topical)
  • Diarrhea and GI inflammation
  • Urinary tract inflammation

Active Constituents

The key compounds responsible for this herb's therapeutic effects:

Mucilage (demulcent - soothes irritation)Saponins (expectorant)Flavonoids: verbascoside, hesperidin, quercetinIridoids: aucubin, catalpolTanninsVolatile oilsCoumarins

Usage & Dosage

How to Use

Tea (leaves/flowers), tincture, extract, capsule, ear oil, smoking blend, poultice.

Suggested Dosage

Tea: 1–2 tsp dried herb per cup, 3x/day; tincture: 2–4 mL 3x/day; capsules: 500–1000 mg 2–3x/day; ear oil: 2–3 drops in affected ear 2–3x/day.

Quality & Storage

Harvest Season

Leaves harvested in first year (rosette stage) before flowering. Flowers harvested in second year during bloom (summer). Harvest on a dry day.

Quality Indicators

Flowers: bright yellow, intact, aromatic. Leaves: gray-green, fuzzy, whole or cut. Should be free of stems and brown material. Wild-harvested from clean areas is traditional.

Storage

Airtight container in cool dark place. Dried herb lasts 1–2 years. Protect from moisture and light.

Safety Information

Contraindications

Pregnancy (insufficient data - avoid)Breastfeeding (insufficient data)Known allergy to mullein or plants in the figwort family

Possible Side Effects

  • Generally very safe and well-tolerated
  • Rare: mild digestive upset
  • Allergic skin reaction (topical use - rare)
  • Ensure tea is well-strained to remove tiny hairs that can irritate the throat

Drug Interactions

  • Diuretics (additive effect)
  • Lithium (may increase retention - monitor)
  • Generally low interaction potential

Note: Always consult with a qualified healthcare practitioner before starting any herbal supplement, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, have medical conditions, or take medications.

References & Research

Information on this page is based on traditional herbal knowledge and modern scientific research. For a comprehensive list of references, please refer to our full citations page.

ℹ️ Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The FDA has not evaluated these statements. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before using herbal supplements.